أستير · AVD
أستير
4
نص الكتاب المقدسصوت اصطناعي (ذكاء اصطناعي)
وَلَمَّا عَلِمَ مُرْدَخَايُ كُلَّ مَا عُمِلَ، شَقَّ مُرْدَخَايُ ثِيَابَهُ وَلَبِسَ مِسْحًا بِرَمَادٍ وَخَرَجَ إِلَى وَسَطِ ٱلْمَدِينَةِ وَصَرَخَ صَرْخَةً عَظِيمَةً مُرَّةً، انظر أيضًا: دانيال 9:3صموئيل الثاني 13:19صموئيل الثاني 1:11وَجَاءَ إِلَى قُدَّامِ بَابِ ٱلْمَلِكِ، لِأَنَّهُ لَا يَدْخُلُ أَحَدٌ بَابَ ٱلْمَلِكِ وَهُوَ لَابِسٌ مِسْحًا. وَفِي كُلِّ كُورَةٍ حَيْثُمَا وَصَلَ إِلَيْهَا أَمْرُ ٱلْمَلِكِ وَسُنَّتُهُ، كَانَتْ مَنَاحَةٌ عَظِيمَةٌ عِنْدَ ٱلْيَهُودِ، وَصَوْمٌ وَبُكَاءٌ وَنَحِيبٌ. وَٱنْفَرَشَ مِسْحٌ وَرَمَادٌ لِكَثِيرِينَ. انظر أيضًا: إشعياء 22:12دانيال 9:3أستير 4:16فَدَخَلَتْ جَوَارِي أَسْتِيرَ وَخُصْيَانُهَا وَأَخْبَرُوهَا، فَٱغْتَمَّتِ ٱلْمَلِكَةُ جِدًّا وَأَرْسَلَتْ ثِيَابًا لِإِلْبَاسِ مُرْدَخَايَ، وَلِأَجْلِ نَزْعِ مِسْحِهِ عَنْهُ، فَلَمْ يَقْبَلْ. انظر أيضًا: المزامير 77:2إشعياء 56:3صموئيل الأول 8:15فَدَعَتْ أَسْتِيرُ هَتَاخَ، وَاحِدًا مِنْ خِصْيَانِ ٱلْمَلِكِ ٱلَّذِي أَوْقَفَهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهَا، وَأَعْطَتْهُ وَصِيَّةً إِلَى مُرْدَخَايَ لِتَعْلَمَ مَاذَا وَلِمَاذَا. انظر أيضًا: كورنثوس الأولى 12:26رومية 12:15أستير 1:10فَخَرَجَ هَتَاخُ إِلَى مُرْدَخَايَ إِلَى سَاحَةِ ٱلْمَدِينَةِ ٱلَّتِي أَمَامَ بَابِ ٱلْمَلِكِ. انظر أيضًا: أستير 4:3أستير 7:2فَأَخْبَرَهُ مُرْدَخَايُ بِكُلِّ مَا أَصَابَهُ، وَعَنْ مَبْلَغِ ٱلْفِضَّةِ ٱلَّذِي وَعَدَ هَامَانُ بِوَزْنِهِ لِخَزَائِنِ ٱلْمَلِكِ عَنِ ٱلْيَهُودِ لِإِبَادَتِهِمْ، انظر أيضًا: أستير 3:2-15وَأَعْطَاهُ صُورَةَ كِتَابَةِ ٱلْأَمْرِ ٱلَّذِي أُعْطِيَ فِي شُوشَنَ لِإِهْلَاكِهِمْ، لِكَيْ يُرِيَهَا لِأَسْتِيرَ، وَيُخْبِرَهَا وَيُوصِيَهَا أَنْ تَدْخُلَ إِلَى ٱلْمَلِكِ وَتَتَضَرَّعَ إِلَيْهِ وَتَطْلُبَ مِنْهُ لِأَجْلِ شَعْبِهَا. انظر أيضًا: الجامعة 10:4أيوب 9:15أستير 3:14-15فَأَتَى هَتَاخُ وَأَخْبَرَ أَسْتِيرَ بِكَلَامِ مُرْدَخَايَ. فَكَلَّمَتْ أَسْتِيرُ هَتَاخَ وَأَعْطَتْهُ وَصِيَّةً إِلَى مُرْدَخَايَ: «إِنَّ كُلَّ عَبِيدِ ٱلْمَلِكِ وَشُعُوبِ بِلَادِ ٱلْمَلِكِ يَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ كُلَّ رَجُلٍ دَخَلَ أَوِ ٱمْرَأَةٍ إِلَى ٱلْمَلِكِ، إِلَى ٱلدَّارِ ٱلدَّاخِلِيَّةِ وَلَمْ يُدْعَ، فَشَرِيعَتُهُ وَاحِدَةٌ أَنْ يُقْتَلَ، إِلَّا ٱلَّذِي يَمُدُّ لَهُ ٱلْمَلِكُ قَضِيبَ ٱلذَّهَبِ فَإِنَّهُ يَحْيَا. وَأَنَا لَمْ أُدْعَ لِأَدْخُلَ إِلَى ٱلْمَلِكِ هَذِهِ ٱلثَّلَاثِينَ يَوْمًا». انظر أيضًا: أستير 5:1-2أستير 8:4دانيال 2:9فَأَخْبَرُوا مُرْدَخَايَ بِكَلَامِ أَسْتِيرَ. فَقَالَ مُرْدَخَايُ أَنْ تُجَاوَبَ أَسْتِيرُ: «لَا تَفْتَكِرِي فِي نَفْسِكِ أَنَّكِ تَنْجِينَ فِي بَيْتِ ٱلْمَلِكِ دُونَ جَمِيعِ ٱلْيَهُودِ. انظر أيضًا: الأمثال 24:10-12فيلبي 2:30يوحنا 12:25لِأَنَّكِ إِنْ سَكَتِّ سُكُوتًا فِي هَذَا ٱلْوَقْتِ يَكُونُ ٱلْفَرَجُ وَٱلنَّجَاةُ لِلْيَهُودِ مِنْ مَكَانٍ آخَرَ، وَأَمَّا أَنْتِ وَبَيْتُ أَبِيكِ فَتَبِيدُونَ. وَمَنْ يَعْلَمُ إِنْ كُنْتِ لِوَقْتٍ مِثْلِ هَذَا وَصَلْتِ إِلَى ٱلْمُلْكِ؟». انظر أيضًا: التكوين 45:4-8صموئيل الأول 12:22التثنية 32:36فَقَالَتْ أَسْتِيرُ أَنْ يُجَاوَبَ مُرْدَخَايُ: «ٱذْهَبِ ٱجْمَعْ جَمِيعَ ٱلْيَهُودِ ٱلْمَوْجُودِينَ فِي شُوشَنَ وَصُومُوا مِنْ جِهَتِي وَلَا تَأْكُلُوا وَلَا تَشْرَبُوا ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ لَيْلًا وَنَهَارًا. وَأَنَا أَيْضًا وَجَوَارِيَّ نَصُومُ كَذَلِكَ. وَهَكَذَا أَدْخُلُ إِلَى ٱلْمَلِكِ خِلَافَ ٱلسُّنَّةِ. فَإِذَا هَلَكْتُ، هَلَكْتُ». انظر أيضًا: أعمال الرسل 20:24أخبار الأيام الثاني 20:3يوئيل 2:12-17فَٱنْصَرَفَ مُرْدَخَايُ وَعَمِلَ حَسَبَ كُلِّ مَا أَوْصَتْهُ بِهِ أَسْتِيرُ.
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ملاحظات · هايدوك (1859، ملك عام)10 ملاحظة
الملاحظات بالإنجليزية تفسير كاثوليكي من القرن التاسع عشر للأب جورج ليو هايدوك، كما نُشر.
تحتفظ هذه الحواشي بجدالات عصرها: بعضها يتحدث بقسوة عن الشعب اليهودي أو عن مسيحيين آخرين. والكنيسة تعلّم اليوم غير ذلك: لا يجوز تحميل الشعب اليهودي مسؤولية موت المسيح (في عصرنا 4؛ التعليم المسيحي 597–598)، والمسيحيون في الجماعات الأخرى إخوتنا وأخواتنا في الرب (إعادة الوحدة 3). وحدة المسيحيين
أستير 4:1
Ver. 1. Shewing. Sept. old Vulg. and Josephus, "a nation which has done no wrong, is to be cut off." The eastern nations were accustomed to such marks of sorrow. Jon. ii. 6. The citizens of Susa tore their garments, and cried aloud, for many days after the defeat of Xerxes. Herod. viii.
98. --- The domestics of Darius and Alexander tore also their hair, &c. after their masters' death.
Curt. iii. and xi.
↑ 1أستير 4:2
Ver. 2. Sackcloth. Gr. adds, "and ashes." Such an appearance was deemed disrespectful. God forbids his priests to act thus. Lev. xxi. 1. See Gen. xli. 14.
Yet the miserable ought not to be entirely excluded from the king's presence, as he ought to be their protector.
↑ 2أستير 4:3
Ver. 3. Edict. Lit. "dogma;: H. a word used in this sense, (Acts xv. 16.) and by Demosthenes,
&c. T. --- Mourning. The most effectual means of redress, is to do works of penance for past transgressions. 1 Cor. xi. 31. W.
↑ 3أستير 4:4
Ver. 4. Her, concerning the unusual distress of one of the courtiers. They knew not, (M.) perhaps, that he was related to her. H.
↑ 4أستير 4:7
Ver. 7. Money. Heb. "the sum of money." Sept. "then thousand talents."
↑ 7أستير 4:8
Ver. 8. Entreat. Sept. "to put in a counter-petition, and entreat," &c. --- People.
Sept. add, "and country, remembering the days of thy lowly state, how thou wast fed by my hand; for Aman, the second after the king, has spoken against us, to have us destroyed. Call then upon the Lord, and speak to the king for us, and rescue us from death." H. --- This servant must have been very trusty, as the secret was confided to him, respecting the nation to which the queen belonged. M.
↑ 8أستير 4:11
Ver. 11. Inner court, with regard to many others around, though there was one still more retired, (T.) where the king alone could enter. This admitted the light only by the door, before which hung a curtain, so that the king could see (C.) who came into the hall of audience, (H.) without being seen. None durst come even to this antichamber, without being called. It was also death to appear with their hands out of their sleeves, (Cyrop. ii.) or to sit down, (Diod. xvii.) or look at any of the king's wives in the face, &c. Plut. Artax. --- This gloomy retirement was intended to keep up the idea of his majesty being something more than man. H. --- Apud Persas persona regis, sub specie majestatis, occulitur. Justin.
i. --- The king's secret cabinet (C.) resembled, in magnificence (C. xv. 9.) the description which Ovid has given us of the palace of the sun. T. --- It was covered with gold and precious stones. Here he continued, almost inaccessible, and business was despatched slowly. C. --- Agesilaus, king of Sparta, shewed how ridiculous these customs were, by acting quite the reverse, appearing frequently among his subjects, and granting their just requests without delay. Xenophon. --- Thirty. She might apprehend that the king's affection was beginning to cool. God was pleased thus to try her the more. H.
↑ 11أستير 4:13
Ver. 13. Only. Aman would contrive to effect her ruin with the rest.
↑ 13أستير 4:14
Ver. 14. Occasion. Wonderful confidence! Gr. "if thou wilt not hearken (C. to me; (H.) or, if thou obstinately despise) at this time, the Jews shall be assisted and protected by some," &c. H.
--- As this. So Joseph was raised up in Egypt, (C.) that he might save all his family. H.
↑ 14أستير 4:16
Ver. 16. Pray. Heb. "fast." They might take some refreshment in the evening, (Lyran) of dried meats. Joseph. Grot. --- Few constitutions could have done without any thing. Yet after two nights and one full day were elapsed, Esther ventured to go to the king. C. v. 1. We have here another instance of places for prayer. Judith vi. 21. The old Vulg. has, "publish a fast, and tell the ancients to fast. Let the infants be kept from the breast during the night, and let no food be given to the oxen and other animals, while I and my maids shall fast," &c. Then at the end of this chapter, in the Sept. follow the prayers of Mardochai and of Esther, (C. xiii. 8. and C. xiv. H.) which is their proper place. C.
↑ 16الترخيص: Notes by Fr. George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), from the Douay-Rheims Bible with Haydock's commentary (first ed. Thomas Haydock, Manchester/Dublin, 1811–1814; New York: Edward Dunigan & Brother, 1859); New Testament notes compiled with Fr. Benedict Rayment. Public domain. Digital text: "The Haydock Bible", Internet Archive (archive.org/details/TheHaydockBible), uploaded 2011 under the Public Domain Mark. · الشكر والتراخيص