التثنية · AVD
التثنية
14
نص الكتاب المقدسصوت اصطناعي (ذكاء اصطناعي)
«أَنْتُمْ أَوْلَادٌ لِلرَّبِّ إِلَهِكُمْ. لَا تَخْمِشُوا أَجْسَامَكُمْ، وَلَا تَجْعَلُوا قَرْعَةً بَيْنَ أَعْيُنِكُمْ لِأَجْلِ مَيْتٍ. انظر أيضًا: رومية 9:8غلاطية 3:26اللاويين 21:5لِأَنَّكَ شَعْبٌ مُقَدَّسٌ لِلرَّبِّ إِلَهِكَ، وَقَدِ ٱخْتَارَكَ ٱلرَّبُّ لِكَيْ تَكُونَ لَهُ شَعْبًا خَاصًّا فَوْقَ جَمِيعِ ٱلشُّعُوبِ ٱلَّذِينَ عَلَى وَجْهِ ٱلْأَرْضِ. انظر أيضًا: التثنية 7:6اللاويين 20:26الخروج 19:5-6«لَا تَأْكُلْ رِجْسًا مَّا. انظر أيضًا: حزقيال 4:14رومية 14:14اللاويين 11:43هَذِهِ هِيَ ٱلْبَهَائِمُ ٱلَّتِي تَأْكُلُونَهَا: ٱلْبَقَرُ وَٱلضَّأْنُ وَٱلْمَعْزُ انظر أيضًا: أعمال الرسل 10:14اللاويين 11:2-45الملوك الأول 4:23وَٱلْإِيَّلُ وَٱلظَّبْيُ وَٱلْيَحْمُورُ وَٱلْوَعْلُ وَٱلرِّئْمُ وَٱلثَّيْتَلُ وَٱلْمَهَاةُ. وَكُلُّ بَهِيمَةٍ مِنَ ٱلْبَهَائِمِ تَشُقُّ ظِلْفًا وَتَقْسِمُهُ ظِلْفَيْنِ وَتَجْتَرُّ فَإِيَّاهَا تَأْكُلُونَ. انظر أيضًا: الأمثال 18:1المزامير 1:1-2كورنثوس الثانية 6:17إِلَّا هَذِهِ فَلَا تَأْكُلُوهَا، مِمَّا يَجْتَرُّ وَمِمَّا يَشُقُّ ٱلظِّلْفَ ٱلْمُنْقَسِمَ: ٱلْجَمَلُ وَٱلْأَرْنَبُ وَٱلْوَبْرُ، لِأَنَّهَا تَجْتَرُّ لَكِنَّهَا لَا تَشُقُّ ظِلْفًا، فَهِيَ نَجِسَةٌ لَكُمْ. انظر أيضًا: تيطس 1:16اللاويين 11:5متى 7:26وَٱلْخِنْزِيرُ لِأَنَّهُ يَشُقُّ ٱلظِّلْفَ لَكِنَّهُ لَا يَجْتَرُّ فَهُوَ نَجِسٌ لَكُمْ. فَمِنْ لَحْمِهَا لَا تَأْكُلُوا وَجُثَثَهَا لَا تَلْمِسُوا. انظر أيضًا: اللاويين 11:26-27بطرس الثانية 2:22لوقا 15:15-16«وَهَذَا تَأْكُلُونَهُ مِنْ كُلِّ مَا فِي ٱلْمِيَاهِ: كُلُّ مَا لَهُ زَعَانِفُ وَحَرْشَفٌ تَأْكُلُونَهُ. انظر أيضًا: اللاويين 11:9-12لَكِنْ كُلُّ مَا لَيْسَ لَهُ زَعَانِفُ وَحَرْشَفٌ لَا تَأْكُلُوهُ. إِنَّهُ نَجِسٌ لَكُمْ. «كُلَّ طَيْرٍ طَاهِرٍ تَأْكُلُونَ. وَهَذَا مَا لَا تَأْكُلُونَ مِنْهُ: ٱلنَّسْرُ وَٱلْأَنُوقُ وَٱلْعُقَابُ انظر أيضًا: اللاويين 11:13-19وَٱلْحِدَأَةُ وَٱلْبَاشِقُ وَٱلشَّاهِينُ عَلَى أَجْنَاسِهِ، وَكُلُّ غُرَابٍ عَلَى أَجْنَاسِهِ، وَٱلنَّعَامَةُ وَٱلظَّلِيمُ وَٱلسَّأَفُ وَٱلْبَازُ عَلَى أَجْنَاسِهِ، انظر أيضًا: أيوب 30:29وَٱلْبُومُ وَٱلْكُرْكِيُّ وَٱلْبَجَعُ وَٱلْقُوقُ وَٱلرَّخَمُ وَٱلْغَوَّاصُ وَٱللَّقْلَقُ وَٱلْبَبْغَاءُ عَلَى أَجْنَاسِهِ، وَٱلْهُدْهُدُ وَٱلْخُفَّاشُ. وَكُلُّ دَبِيبِ ٱلطَّيْرِ نَجِسٌ لَكُمْ. لَا يُؤْكَلُ. انظر أيضًا: فيلبي 3:19اللاويين 11:20-23كُلَّ طَيْرٍ طَاهِرٍ تَأْكُلُونَ. «لَا تَأْكُلُوا جُثَّةً مَّا. تُعْطِيهَا لِلْغَرِيبِ ٱلَّذِي فِي أَبْوَابِكَ فَيَأْكُلُهَا أَوْ يَبِيعُهَا لِأَجْنَبِيٍّ، لِأَنَّكَ شَعْبٌ مُقَدَّسٌ لِلرَّبِّ إِلَهِكَ. لَا تَطْبُخْ جَدْيًا بِلَبَنِ أُمِّهِ. انظر أيضًا: الخروج 23:19الخروج 34:26اللاويين 22:8«تَعْشِيرًا تُعَشِّرُ كُلَّ مَحْصُولِ زَرْعِكَ ٱلَّذِي يَخْرُجُ مِنَ ٱلْحَقْلِ سَنَةً بِسَنَةٍ. انظر أيضًا: العدد 18:21التثنية 26:12-15التثنية 12:17وَتَأْكُلُ أَمَامَ ٱلرَّبِّ إِلَهِكَ، فِي ٱلْمَكَانِ ٱلَّذِي يَخْتَارُهُ لِيُحِلَّ ٱسْمَهُ فِيهِ، عُشْرَ حِنْطَتِكَ وَخَمْرِكَ وَزَيْتِكَ، وَأَبْكَارِ بَقَرِكَ وَغَنَمِكَ، لِكَيْ تَتَعَلَّمَ أَنْ تَتَّقِيَ ٱلرَّبَّ إِلَهَكَ كُلَّ ٱلْأَيَّامِ. انظر أيضًا: التثنية 12:5-7التثنية 12:17-18التثنية 4:10وَلَكِنْ إِذَا طَالَ عَلَيْكَ ٱلطَّرِيقُ حَتَّى لَا تَقْدِرَ أَنْ تَحْمِلَهُ. إِذَا كَانَ بَعِيدًا عَلَيْكَ ٱلْمَكَانُ ٱلَّذِي يَخْتَارُهُ ٱلرَّبُّ إِلَهُكَ لِيَجْعَلَ ٱسْمَهُ فِيهِ، إِذْ يُبَارِكُكَ ٱلرَّبُّ إِلَهُكَ، انظر أيضًا: التثنية 12:21التثنية 12:5التثنية 11:24فَبِعْهُ بِفِضَّةٍ، وَصُرَّ ٱلْفِضَّةَ فِي يَدِكَ وَٱذْهَبْ إِلَى ٱلْمَكَانِ ٱلَّذِي يَخْتَارُهُ ٱلرَّبُّ إِلَهُكَ، وَأَنْفِقِ ٱلْفِضَّةَ فِي كُلِّ مَا تَشْتَهِي نَفْسُكَ فِي ٱلْبَقَرِ وَٱلْغَنَمِ وَٱلْخَمْرِ وَٱلْمُسْكِرِ وَكُلِّ مَا تَطْلُبُ مِنْكَ نَفْسُكَ، وَكُلْ هُنَاكَ أَمَامَ ٱلرَّبِّ إِلَهِكَ وَٱفْرَحْ أَنْتَ وَبَيْتُكَ. انظر أيضًا: الجامعة 9:7التثنية 12:7التثنية 12:20-21وَٱللَّاوِيُّ ٱلَّذِي فِي أَبْوَابِكَ لَا تَتْرُكْهُ، لِأَنَّهُ لَيْسَ لَهُ قِسْمٌ وَلَا نَصِيبٌ مَعَكَ. انظر أيضًا: التثنية 14:29العدد 18:20التثنية 12:12«فِي آخِرِ ثَلَاثِ سِنِينَ تُخْرِجُ كُلَّ عُشْرِ مَحْصُولِكَ فِي تِلْكَ ٱلسَّنَةِ وَتَضَعُهُ فِي أَبْوَابِكَ. انظر أيضًا: التثنية 14:22عاموس 4:4التثنية 26:12-15فَيَأْتِي ٱللَّاوِيُّ، لِأَنَّهُ لَيْسَ لَهُ قِسْمٌ وَلَا نَصِيبٌ مَعَكَ، وَٱلْغَرِيبُ وَٱلْيَتِيمُ وَٱلْأَرْمَلَةُ ٱلَّذِينَ فِي أَبْوَابِكَ، وَيَأْكُلُونَ وَيَشْبَعُونَ، لِكَيْ يُبَارِكَكَ ٱلرَّبُّ إِلَهُكَ فِي كُلِّ عَمَلِ يَدِكَ ٱلَّذِي تَعْمَلُ. انظر أيضًا: التثنية 15:10التثنية 14:27الأمثال 19:17
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ملاحظات · هايدوك (1859، ملك عام)12 ملاحظة
الملاحظات بالإنجليزية تفسير كاثوليكي من القرن التاسع عشر للأب جورج ليو هايدوك، كما نُشر.
تحتفظ هذه الحواشي بجدالات عصرها: بعضها يتحدث بقسوة عن الشعب اليهودي أو عن مسيحيين آخرين. والكنيسة تعلّم اليوم غير ذلك: لا يجوز تحميل الشعب اليهودي مسؤولية موت المسيح (في عصرنا 4؛ التعليم المسيحي 597–598)، والمسيحيون في الجماعات الأخرى إخوتنا وأخواتنا في الرب (إعادة الوحدة 3). وحدة المسيحيين
التثنية 14:1
تستخدم هذه الحاشية من القرن التاسع عشر لغة جدلية؛ اقرأها في ضوء الملاحظة في أعلى هذه اللوحة.
Ver. 1. Be ye. Heb. "you are," &c. It may be connected with the preceding chapter. --- Cut, as the barbarians and infidels do, who have no hope, 1 Thes.
iv. 12. Lev. xix. 29. --- Dead idols, Adonis, &c. The Arabs and Saracens cut the hair on the forepart of the head only, and so did the ancient Scotch monks, in imitation, as they pretended, of S. John. The Egyptians cut off the hair of their head and eye-brows when they were initiated in the mysteries of Isis, (S. Amb.
ep. 58,) to testify that they partook in her sorrow for the death of her husband, Osiris. Hence it is probable that Moses forbids any conformity in such superstitious practices; particularly as the Israelites were consecrated to the service of the living God. C.
↑ 1التثنية 14:3
Ver. 3. Unclean. See the annotations on Leviticus xi. Ch. --- Some of the beasts here specified were not mentioned before, as the buffle, &c.
↑ 3التثنية 14:5
Ver. 5. Buffle. Heb. yachmur, which some translate "the fallow-deer." The Arabs give this name to a beast resembling a hart, which has horns and red hair. C.
--- It was served up on the table of Solomon, 3 K. iv. 23. Pliny (viii. 13,) mentions the bubalus of Africa, which is like a calf. M. ---
Chamois, ( tragelaphum) a beast which has the head of a he-goat, and the carcass of a hart.
Scaliger. Plin. viii. 33. --- Bochart translates akko after the Arab. "the wild goat." --- Pygarg, another species of goat, (Plin. viii. 53,) of the colour of ashes.
Bellon. q. 51. Dishon means
"ashes" in Hebrew. --- Goat, ( orygem) "a wild goat, (Sept.) Bochart; &c.) or ox." Aristotle allows it only one horn. Juvenal mentions that the Getulians feasted on its flesh; and the Egyptian priests, according to Horus, were allowed to eat it, without any scrupulous examination of the sealers. C. ---
Camelopardalus. This animal resembles a camel in its head and longish neck, and the panther in the spotted skin. Plin. viii. 18. --- Bochart (iii. 21,) thinks that the Heb.
zamer, means "a wild goat," noted for "leaping."
↑ 5التثنية 14:7
Ver. 7. Cherogril, or porcupine. Lev. xi. 5. S. Barnabas and Clem. Alex. (Pæd. ii.
10,) subjoin the hyena to the hare, though the name occur not in Moses. This animal was supposed to change sexes every year, and was a symbol of incontinency. M.
↑ 7التثنية 14:10
Ver. 10. Unclean. S. Barnabas adds, "Thou shalt not eat the murena, polypus, or cuttle fish;" and these are in effect of the description given by Moses. C.
↑ 10التثنية 14:13
Ver. 13. Ringtail ( ixion). Heb. raa. The same bird seems to be called dae in Leviticus, by the change of the first letter, though it is there translated the kite.
The ixion is a sort of white, quick-sighted vulture. --- Kite. Heb. diae, according to Bochart, means the vulture, as Isaias (xxxiv. 15,) insinuates that this bird goes in flocks, while the kite is a solitary bird.
↑ 13التثنية 14:15
Ver. 15. Ostrich. Heb. "the daughter of the june. " The Rabbins say only the young ones were eaten. But this seems doubtful, with respect to many nations, which formerly served up ostriches at table. Heliogabalus presented some of these, as well as camel, to his guests, falsely asserting, (C.) that the Jews were commanded to eat them, præceptum Judæis ut ederent. Lamprid.
↑ 15التثنية 14:19
Ver. 19. Wings. Heb. "every reptile that flieth," such as bees. C.
↑ 19التثنية 14:21
Ver. 21. Of itself, or by suffocation. --- Stranger, who has not embraced your religion. M. ---
Hence it is inferred, that the Jews might keep unclean animals, and sell them; as they did not defile till they were dead. Jans. --- If they had been unclean by nature, they could not have been sold, which shews that this ceremonial law regarded only the Jewish religion. --- Dam. All appearance of cruelty must be avoided. Christ, who is signified by the kid, on account of his assuming our sinful nature, shall not be slain in his infancy. S. Tho. 2. q. 102. a. 6. W. ---
Some take this prohibition literally, and extend it to calves and lambs. The Arabs use milk in almost all their ragouts. Roger. ii. 2. --- Others think that kids must not be eaten while they are as yet too tender, Qui plus lactis habet quam sanguinis. Juv. Sat. xi. --- But we believe that God forbids the paschal lamb or kid to be offered while it sucks. It must be of a competent age, of one year. Ex.
xii. 5. and xxiii. 19. Other victims would do if they were only eight days old.
Lev. xxii. 27. C.
↑ 21التثنية 14:22
Ver. 22. Tithes. The Jews carried with them some money to buy peace-offerings. E.
↑ 22التثنية 14:26
Ver. 26. Herds. Heb. "oxen." --- Sheep; under which name are comprised goats.
↑ 26التثنية 14:29
Ver. 29. Filled. Of this feast the owner did not partake, (S. Aug. q. 20,) as he did of the former, v. 26. M. --- Josephus (iv. 8,) acknowledges three sorts of tithes: but Calmet thinks that only two were paid every third year, and that the same tithe is mentioned, v. 22. and 28. Tobias i. 7. The only difference is, that on the third and sixth years, the products were consumed on the spot, and in other years they were spent at Jerusalem. See Lev. xxvii. Many, however, believe that three tithes were then exacted: 1. For the Levites. 2. For a feast at Jerusalem, and to defray the expenses on the road. 3. For the poor at home. D. &c. H.
↑ 29الترخيص: Notes by Fr. George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), from the Douay-Rheims Bible with Haydock's commentary (first ed. Thomas Haydock, Manchester/Dublin, 1811–1814; New York: Edward Dunigan & Brother, 1859); New Testament notes compiled with Fr. Benedict Rayment. Public domain. Digital text: "The Haydock Bible", Internet Archive (archive.org/details/TheHaydockBible), uploaded 2011 under the Public Domain Mark. · الشكر والتراخيص