Psaumes

Introduction au chapitre

PSALM CXLIII. (BENEDICTUS DOMINUS.)

The prophet praiseth God, and prayeth to be delivered from his enemies. No worldly happiness is to be compared with that of serving God.

Psaumes 143:1

Ver. 1. Goliath. Heb. has simply, "of David." H. --- S. Hilary thinks that the Sept.

added the rest by inspiration, (C.) because this was David's first exploit in war.

W. --- But others pay no deference to this part of the title. The Chaldee, however, seems to allude to the same victory, (v.

10.) and the Syriac to that which David obtained over Asaph, brother of Goliath. 1 Par. xx. 5. C.

--- David prays that he may overcome the Philistines, and give thanks in Ps.

xvii. Ferrand. ---

These two psalms are very much alike, and this seems to have been written after the rebels were discomfited, while the 17th expresses the sentiments of the prophet, towards the end of his life, for all his victories. C. --- Zorobabel after the defeat of God, (Ezec. xxxviii. Orig.) or the Machabees; (Greek paraphrast.) or Jesus Christ might adopt these sentiments. Holy Fathers. ---

Kimchi and Goan refer the psalm to the Messias. C. --- God. Heb. "rock." ---

Fingers. Which chose the five pebbles. He was to exert himself, and yet to acknowledge that all success came from God. Bert. --- He had not been trained to war, when he overcame Goliath. W.

Psaumes 143:2

Ver. 2. Mercy. "All the titles of God remind us of his benefits." S. Jer. --- My people. After the defeat of the rebels, (C.) and the death of Isboseth. Bert. ---

Heb. may also be "peoples," as Ps.

xvii. (Syr. &c.) including them, and the various nations that were subdued by David. C. ---

Conquerors are generally in confusion, while those who keep their passions under are free. 2 Cor.

iii. 17. Bert.

Psaumes 143:3

Ver. 3. To him. Heb. "thou dost acknowledge him." S. Jer. H. --- In the transport of gratitude, he reflects on his own weakness. Job vii. 17. Rom. viii. 31. C. ---

Before Christ, all mankind were undeserving of revelation. W.

Psaumes 143:4

Ver. 4. Vanity. Heb. hebel, "nothing, a vapour," &c. Eccle. i. 1. Jam. iv. 15. H. ---

Our lives resemble a shadow, which is the less distinct, the more it increases.

Bert. --- As it cannot subsist of itself, so neither can man without God. W.

Psaumes 143:5

Ver. 5. Mountains. The proud, (Orig.) spirits. S. Hil. --- Come to my assistance, as thou didst appear on Sinai. Ex. xix. 16. Ps. xvii. 8. C. --- This is a poetical description of God's aid.

Psaumes 143:7

Ver. 7. Waters. Of tribulation. W. --- Children. My rebellious subjects, (H.) who lead bad lives in the true Church. W. --- Foreign nations continued faithful, while Israel rose up against their sovereign.

Psaumes 143:8

Ver. 8. Iniquity. Heb. "lying." The have sworn fidelity, and have prevaricated. C.

--- They adhere not to their engagements of keeping God's law. W.

Psaumes 143:9

Ver. 9. New. More excellent. Bert. --- Psaltery. Heb. "on the Nebel of ten strings," (H.) the chief instrument, fit for a new canticle of thanksgiving. W.

Psaumes 143:10

Ver. 10. Kings. Their power cannot protect them. H. --- Hast. Several read, "wilt redeem." ---

Malicious. Heb. "his servant from the evil sword" (Mont.) of Goliath, (Chal.) or of Saul, (Bert.) and all his other enemies. H. --- He represents himself in the midst of danger, from the rebels. C.

Psaumes 143:11

Ver. 11. Children. Both Jews and Christians who live ill, are like strangers, who frame to themselves a temporal felicity, making riches and pleasures their god.

W.

Psaumes 143:12

Ver. 12. Whose. Heb. "our." This makes quite a different sense from the ancient versions, which refer what follows to the rebels, who had no cause to complain of David's government, v. 14. C.

--- S. Jerom, however, agrees with the Heb. "that our sons may be, " &c. Prot.

asher means

"whose (v. 11.) and that." H. --- If we supply, they said, the text and versions will give the same sense, (Geneb. Bert.) as it is inserted v. 15. H. --- Decked.

Heb. "our daughters, like corner-stones cut like a temple," (Mont.) or "palace."

Prot.

Psaumes 143:13

Ver. 13. That. The partitions are too small; or fresh fruit come before the old ones are consumed.

Lev. xxvi. 10. C. --- Fruitful. Heb. "our sheep (or small cattle, pecudes) producing a thousand, bringing forth ten thousand, in our streets." Pagn.

Psaumes 143:14

Ver. 14. Fat. Heb. "our bulls (oxen or cows) are burdened." &c. --- Of wall. Sym.

"nor burying nor mourning in their places." The other interpreters cited by Theodoret, have also "their." C. ---

Passage. Of the enemy. H.

Psaumes 143:15

Ver. 15. They. Heb. "happy the people, to which such things belong; happy,"

&c. S. Jer. H. ---

This text speaks all along of the temporal blessings attending the virtuous. C.

--- But the Sept.

being convinced that these were rather the sentiments of David's enemies, give it this turn, (Bert.) and shew, that real happiness consists rather in the possession of God, as the psalmist intimates, by the concluding sentence. H.

--- Worldlings are satisfied with temporal advantages. Ps. lxxii.

4. --- But the saints take God for their reward. C. --- The devil promises riches, that he may kill, and Christ promises poverty, to save us. S. Jer. --- True happiness consists in preferring God before all. W.