أستير · AVD
أستير
2
نص الكتاب المقدسصوت اصطناعي (ذكاء اصطناعي)
بَعْدَ هَذِهِ ٱلْأُمُورِ لَمَّا خَمِدَ غَضَبُ ٱلْمَلِكِ أَحَشْوِيرُوشَ، ذَكَرَ وَشْتِي وَمَا عَمِلَتْهُ وَمَا حُتِمَ بِهِ عَلَيْهَا. انظر أيضًا: أستير 7:10دانيال 6:14-18أستير 1:12-21فَقَالَ غِلْمَانُ ٱلْمَلِكِ ٱلَّذِينَ يَخْدِمُونَهُ: «لِيُطْلَبْ لِلْمَلِكِ فَتَيَاتٌ عَذَارَى حَسَنَاتُ ٱلْمَنْظَرِ، انظر أيضًا: الملوك الأول 1:2التكوين 12:14أستير 6:14وَلْيُوَكِّلِ ٱلْمَلِكُ وُكَلَاءَ فِي كُلِّ بِلَادِ مَمْلَكَتِهِ لِيَجْمَعُوا كُلَّ ٱلْفَتَيَاتِ ٱلْعَذَارَى ٱلْحَسَنَاتِ ٱلْمَنْظَرِ إِلَى شُوشَنَ ٱلْقَصْرِ، إِلَى بَيْتِ ٱلنِّسَاءِ، إِلَى يَدِ هَيْجَايَ خَصِيِّ ٱلْمَلِكِ حَارِسِ ٱلنِّسَاءِ، وَلْيُعْطَيْنَ أَدْهَانَ عِطْرِهِنَّ. انظر أيضًا: أستير 2:12-15أستير 2:8-9أستير 1:1-2وَٱلْفَتَاةُ ٱلَّتِي تَحْسُنُ فِي عَيْنَيِ ٱلْمَلِكِ، فَلْتَمْلُكْ مَكَانَ وَشْتِي». فَحَسُنَ ٱلْكَلَامُ فِي عَيْنَيِ ٱلْمَلِكِ، فَعَمِلَ هَكَذَا. انظر أيضًا: متى 14:6متى 20:16أستير 3:9-10كَانَ فِي شُوشَنَ ٱلْقَصْرِ رَجُلٌ يَهُودِيٌّ ٱسْمُهُ مُرْدَخَايُ بْنُ يَائِيرَ بْنِ شَمْعِي بْنِ قَيْسٍ، رَجُلٌ يَمِينِيٌّ، انظر أيضًا: صموئيل الثاني 16:5أستير 5:1صموئيل الأول 9:1قَدْ سُبِيَ مِنْ أُورُشَلِيمَ مَعَ ٱلسَّبْيِ ٱلَّذِي سُبِيَ مَعَ يَكُنْيَا مَلِكِ يَهُوذَا ٱلَّذِي سَبَاهُ نَبُوخَذْنَصَّرُ مَلِكُ بَابِلَ. انظر أيضًا: الملوك الثاني 24:14-15أخبار الأيام الثاني 36:20إرميا 24:1وَكَانَ مُرَبِّيًا لِهَدَسَّةَ أَيْ أَسْتِيرَ بِنْتِ عَمِّهِ، لِأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهَا أَبٌ وَلَا أُمٌّ. وَكَانَتِ ٱلْفَتَاةُ جَمِيلَةَ ٱلصُّورَةِ وَحَسَنَةَ ٱلْمَنْظَرِ، وَعِنْدَ مَوْتِ أَبِيهَا وَأُمِّهَا ٱتَّخَذَهَا مُرْدَخَايُ لِنَفْسِهِ ٱبْنَةً. انظر أيضًا: أستير 2:15أستير 1:11كورنثوس الثانية 6:18فَلَمَّا سُمِعَ كَلَامُ ٱلْمَلِكِ وَأَمْرُهُ، وَجُمِعَتْ فَتَيَاتٌ كَثِيرَاتٌ إِلَى شُوشَنَ ٱلْقَصْرِ إِلَى يَدِ هَيْجَايَ، أُخِذَتْ أَسْتِيرُ إِلَى بَيْتِ ٱلْمَلِكِ إِلَى يَدِ هَيْجَايَ حَارِسِ ٱلنِّسَاءِ. انظر أيضًا: أستير 2:3أستير 2:15وَحَسُنَتِ ٱلْفَتَاةُ فِي عَيْنَيْهِ وَنَالَتْ نِعْمَةً بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ، فَبَادَرَ بِأَدْهَانِ عِطْرِهَا وَأَنْصِبَتِهَا لِيَعْطِيَهَا إِيَّاهَا مَعَ ٱلسَّبْعِ ٱلْفَتَيَاتِ ٱلْمُخْتَارَاتِ لِتُعْطَى لَهَا مِنْ بَيْتِ ٱلْمَلِكِ، وَنَقَلَهَا مَعَ فَتَيَاتِهَا إِلَى أَحْسَنِ مَكَانٍ فِي بَيْتِ ٱلنِّسَاءِ. انظر أيضًا: الأمثال 16:7التكوين 39:21أستير 2:12وَلَمْ تُخْبِرْ أَسْتِيرُ عَنْ شَعْبِهَا وَجِنْسِهَا لِأَنَّ مُرْدَخَايَ أَوْصَاهَا أَنْ لَا تُخْبِرَ. انظر أيضًا: أستير 2:20متى 10:16أستير 3:8وَكَانَ مُرْدَخَايُ يَتَمَشَّى يَوْمًا فَيَوْمًا أَمَامَ دَارِ بَيْتِ ٱلنِّسَاءِ، لِيَسْتَعْلِمَ عَنْ سَلَامَةِ أَسْتِيرَ وَعَمَّا يُصْنَعُ بِهَا. انظر أيضًا: صموئيل الأول 17:18التكوين 37:14أعمال الرسل 15:36وَلَمَّا بَلَغَتْ نَوْبَةُ فَتَاةٍ فَفَتَاةٍ لِلدُّخُولِ إِلَى ٱلْمَلِكِ أَحَشْوِيرُوشَ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهَا حَسَبَ سُنَّةِ ٱلنِّسَاءِ ٱثْنَا عَشَرَ شَهْرًا، لِأَنَّهُ هَكَذَا كَانَتْ تُكْمَلُ أَيَّامُ تَعَطُّرِهِنَّ، سِتَّةَ أَشْهُرٍ بِزَيْتِ ٱلْمُرِّ وَسِتَّةَ أَشْهُرٍ بِٱلْأَطْيَابِ وَأَدْهَانِ تَعَطُّرِ ٱلنِّسَاءِ. انظر أيضًا: تسالونيكي الأولى 4:4-5الأمثال 7:17إشعياء 57:9وَهَكَذَا كَانَتَ كُلُّ فَتَاةٍ تَدْخُلُ إِلَى ٱلْمَلِكِ. وَكُلُّ مَا قَالَتْ عَنْهُ أُعْطِيَ لَهَا لِلدُّخُولِ مَعَهَا مِنْ بَيْتِ ٱلنِّسَاءِ إِلَى بَيْتِ ٱلْمَلِكِ. فِي ٱلْمَسَاءِ دَخَلَتْ وَفِي ٱلصَّبَاحِ رَجَعَتْ إِلَى بَيْتِ ٱلنِّسَاءِ ٱلثَّانِي إِلَى يَدِ شَعَشْغَازَ خَصِيِّ ٱلْمَلِكِ حَارِسِ ٱلسَّرَارِيِّ. لَمْ تَعُدْ تَدْخُلْ إِلَى ٱلْمَلِكِ إِلَّا إِذَا سُرَّ بِهَا ٱلْمَلِكُ وَدُعِيَتْ بِٱسْمِهَا. انظر أيضًا: أستير 4:11التكوين 34:19إشعياء 43:1وَلَمَّا بَلَغَتْ نَوْبَةُ أَسْتِيرَ ٱبْنَةِ أَبَيِحَائِلَ عَمِّ مُرْدَخَايَ ٱلَّذِي ٱتَّخَذَهَا لِنَفْسِهِ ٱبْنَةً لِلدُّخُولِ إِلَى ٱلْمَلِكِ، لَمْ تَطْلُبْ شَيْئًا إِلَّا مَا قَالَ عَنْهُ هَيْجَايُ خَصِيُّ ٱلْمَلِكِ حَارِسُ ٱلنِّسَاءِ. وَكَانَتْ أَسْتِيرُ تَنَالُ نِعْمَةً فِي عَيْنَيْ كُلِّ مَنْ رَآهَا. انظر أيضًا: نشيد الأنشاد 6:9أستير 2:3أستير 9:29وَأُخِذَتْ أَسْتِيرُ إِلَى ٱلْمَلِكِ أَحَشْوِيرُوشَ إِلَى بَيْتِ مُلْكِهِ فِي ٱلشَّهْرِ ٱلْعَاشِرِ، هُوَ شَهْرُ طِيبِيتَ، فِي ٱلسَّنَةِ ٱلسَّابِعَةِ لِمُلْكِهِ. انظر أيضًا: أستير 8:9أستير 2:3أستير 2:1فَأَحَبَّ ٱلْمَلِكُ أَسْتِيرَ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ جَمِيعِ ٱلنِّسَاءِ، وَوَجَدَتْ نِعْمَةً وَإِحْسَانًا قُدَّامَهُ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ جَمِيعِ ٱلْعَذَارَى، فَوَضَعَ تَاجَ ٱلْمُلْكِ عَلَى رَأْسِهَا وَمَلَّكَهَا مَكَانَ وَشْتِي. انظر أيضًا: المزامير 113:7-8لوقا 1:48-52حزقيال 17:24وَعَمِلَ ٱلْمَلِكُ وَلِيمَةً عَظِيمَةً لِجَمِيعِ رُؤَسَائِهِ وَعَبِيدِهِ، وَلِيمَةَ أَسْتِيرَ. وَعَمِلَ رَاحَةً لِلْبِلَادِ وَأَعْطَى عَطَايَا حَسَبَ كَرَمِ ٱلْمَلِكِ. انظر أيضًا: التكوين 29:22القضاة 14:10-17صموئيل الأول 25:8وَلَمَّا جُمِعَتِ ٱلْعَذَارَى ثَانِيَةً كَانَ مُرْدَخَايُ جَالِسًا بِبَابِ ٱلْمَلِكِ. انظر أيضًا: أستير 2:21أستير 2:3-4أستير 3:2-3وَلَمْ تَكُنْ أَسْتِيرُ أَخْبَرَتْ عَنْ جِنْسِهَا وَشَعْبِهَا كَمَا أَوْصَاهَا مُرْدَخَايُ. وَكَانَتْ أَسْتِيرُ تَعْمَلُ حَسَبَ قَوْلِ مُرْدَخَايَ كَمَا كَانَتْ فِي تَرْبِيَتِهَا عِنْدَهُ. انظر أيضًا: أستير 2:10أفسس 6:1-3أستير 2:7فِي تِلْكَ ٱلْأَيَّامِ، بَيْنَمَا كَانَ مُرْدَخَايُ جَالِسًا فِي بَابِ ٱلْمَلِكِ، غَضِبَ بِغْثَانُ وَتَرَشُ خَصِيَّا ٱلْمَلِكِ حَارِسَا ٱلْبَابِ، وَطَلَبَا أَنْ يَمُدَّا أَيْدِيَهُمَا إِلَى ٱلْمَلِكِ أَحَشْوِيرُوشَ. انظر أيضًا: أستير 6:2الملوك الأول 16:9الملوك الثاني 21:23فَعُلِمَ ٱلْأَمْرُ عِنْدَ مُرْدَخَايَ، فَأَخْبَرَ أَسْتِيرَ ٱلْمَلِكَةَ، فَأَخْبَرَتْ أَسْتِيرُ ٱلْمَلِكَ بِٱسْمِ مُرْدَخَايَ. انظر أيضًا: أستير 6:1-2رومية 11:33فيلبي 2:4فَفُحِصَ عَنِ ٱلْأَمْرِ وَوُجِدَ، فَصُلِبَا كِلَاهُمَا عَلَى خَشَبَةٍ، وَكُتِبَ ذَلِكَ فِي سِفْرِ أَخْبَارِ ٱلْأَيَّامِ أَمَامَ ٱلْمَلِكِ. انظر أيضًا: التكوين 40:22التكوين 40:19أستير 10:2
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ملاحظات · هايدوك (1859، ملك عام)20 ملاحظة
الملاحظات بالإنجليزية تفسير كاثوليكي من القرن التاسع عشر للأب جورج ليو هايدوك، كما نُشر.
تحتفظ هذه الحواشي بجدالات عصرها: بعضها يتحدث بقسوة عن الشعب اليهودي أو عن مسيحيين آخرين. والكنيسة تعلّم اليوم غير ذلك: لا يجوز تحميل الشعب اليهودي مسؤولية موت المسيح (في عصرنا 4؛ التعليم المسيحي 597–598)، والمسيحيون في الجماعات الأخرى إخوتنا وأخواتنا في الرب (إعادة الوحدة 3). وحدة المسيحيين
أستير 2:1
Ver. 1. Suffered. He began to repent. The Persians used to deliberate when warm with wine: but their decrees were not ratified till they had examined them again the next day. Herod. i. 133. ---
This was not the case here; the king divorced his wife without any delay. C. ---
Sept. intimate that he presently lost thoughts of her. "He no longer remembered Vasthi with any affection, reflecting what she had said, and how he had condemned her." H. --- But the Alex. copy agrees with the Heb. C.
↑ 1أستير 2:2
Ver. 2. Beautiful. Thus Abisag was brought to David. 3 K. i. 2. The Turkish emperors select women from all their dominion, without distinction of noble or ignoble; as all are their slaves.
↑ 2أستير 2:3
Ver. 3. House. Distinct from the palace, v. 14. --- Women's. Heb. "things for rubbing, (C.) or purification;" (H.) such as perfumes, but not clothes.
↑ 3أستير 2:4
Ver. 4. Commanded. Heb. "did so."
↑ 4أستير 2:5
Ver. 5. Jew. He was of the tribe of Benjamin. But all went by this name, after the captivity.
Mardochai had probably returned from Jerusalem, seeing things were unfinished there. 1 Esd. ii.
2. C. --- Semei, who cursed David. Chal. --- Cis. The head of the royal family of Saul; whence authors have concluded that he and Esther were of royal blood, (C.) and descendants of Miphiboseth. T.
↑ 5أستير 2:6
Ver. 6. Who. This may refer to Cis, the great-grandfather of Mardochai, if we postpone this history till the latter end of the Persian monarchy. D. --- But it more naturally applies to Mardochai himself, who (C. xi. 4. T.) was led captive 80 years before, being then perhaps 10
years old, so that he would now be only 90; an age when many are fit for great things. C. Cic. de Senect. --- He might even have been an infant when taken, and of course would not be much above 80 when he came into such favour. H.
↑ 6أستير 2:7
Ver. 7. Brothers. Josephus, (xi. 6.) the old Latin version of the Syr. Abenezra,
&c. suppose that Mardochai was uncle to Esther. But the Heb. Syr. Gr. and Chal. assert that he was only her cousin. Sept. "daughter of Aminadab, (or rather Abihail, v. 15.) his father's brother, and her name was Esther; and after her parents were dead, he educated her for a wife;" eis gunaika, as some Rabbins also maintain, believing she was an heiress. Yet other Greek copies, Heb. &c. read, "he educated her as a daughter, thugatera: for the damsel was very beautiful." He had probably adopted her. C. --- Edissa. Heb. hadassa, (H.) or hadassah, signified "of myrtle." M. --- Esther,
"a sheep." C.
↑ 7أستير 2:9
Ver. 9. And he, Egeus, commanded the under eunuch. T. --- Heb. "he quickly gave her her things for purifications, (v. 3.) and her portions, with seven maids, suitable for her, out of the king's house; and he charged her and her maids to dwell in the best of the women's house," (H.) where things were the most commodious. C.
↑ 9أستير 2:10
Ver. 10. Would. Heb. "had not declared." He was not influenced to treat her thus on account of her royal extraction. H. --- In effect, the Jews were despised. C.
↑ 10أستير 2:11
Ver. 11. Court. He was one of the life-guards. C. xi. 3. T. --- This situation enabled him to disclose a conspiracy, (v. 23. and C. xii. 5.) as he often went to enquire after the health of Esther.
C.
↑ 11أستير 2:12
Ver. 12. Turn. This was rigidly observed, in that country, where polygamy prevailed. Gen. xxx.
16. Herod. iii. 69. --- The wives were "shut up in separate apartments," (Just. i.
9.) in the remotest parts of the palace. C. --- Twelfth. A full year elapsed before they could be admitted. --- A sweet.
Prot. " other things for the purifying of the women." H. --- It would be difficult to form an adequate idea of the luxury of the Persians, if the Scripture had not informed us. The kings were not satisfied with one wife. Assuerus had 400; (Josephus) and Darius Codomannus carried 360
with him, in his expeditions. Curt. iii. --- Parmenio took an incredible number of his concubines, at Damascus. Athen. xiii. 9. --- They were not all treated alike, but all were very sumptuously adorned. Cities were allotted to furnish one with sandals, another with girdles, &c. Cic. in Verrem. v. C.
↑ 12أستير 2:15
Ver. 15. Abihail. Sept. "Aminadab, brother of Mardochai's father." H. v. 7.
↑ 15أستير 2:16
Ver. 16. Tenth. Sept. and old Vulg. "twelfth month, which is Adar." Tebeth corresponds with December and January. C. --- Notwithstanding all exertions, Esther had been near four years in preparing; (T. C. i. 3. C.) unless some years had elapsed before she was brought, v. 12. H. ---
She was guilty of no sin in becoming an inferior wife of the king. M. T.
↑ 16أستير 2:17
تستخدم هذه الحاشية من القرن التاسع عشر لغة جدلية؛ اقرأها في ضوء الملاحظة في أعلى هذه اللوحة.
Ver. 17. Crown. Lit. "diadem," (H.) which was a bandage "of purple, striped with white," by which the queen was distinguished from the other wives. C. --- The king wore "a four-square cidaris," with a similar ornament. Alex. Genial. i. 27.
--- Only one queen was chosen from all the wives, and she was "adored" by the rest. Dion. Athen. iii. l. --- Though God had forbidden marriages with infidels, (C.) at least with those of Chanaan, (H.) a dispensation might be granted, (Ex. xxxiv. T. 2 K. iii. W.) for a greater good. Esther was not puffed up with her exaltation, and refrained from all forbidden meats. C. xiv. 15. C. --- If she be the Artystona of Herotous, (vii. 69.
H.) as it is most probable, (T.) her two sons, Arsames and Gobryas, had a command in the famous expedition of Xerxes. Usher, A. 3524. C.
↑ 17أستير 2:18
Ver. 18. Servants. Sept. add, "seven days, and he magnified the nuptials of Esther." H. --- Rest, from labour. C. --- Sept. "remission to all his subjects," of tribute, as was sometimes done.
Herod. iii. 66. T. C. --- Gifts, on Esther. Chal. Malvenda.
↑ 18أستير 2:19
Ver. 19. And. Sept. "But Mardochai," &c. H. --- They say nothing of the gifts, v.
18. --- Second.
The same process had been observed before, when Vasthi was chosen. C. ---
Mardochai was perhaps then one of the king's guards. H. v. 11. T. --- This second inquiry is here specified, to introduce the following account. M.
↑ 19أستير 2:20
Ver. 20. Commandment. No one interrogated her, as she had been educated as Susa, and was taken for a Persian lady, v. 10. M.
↑ 20أستير 2:21
Ver. 21. Bagathan, or Bagatha and Thara. C. xii. 1. One of the chief counsellors was called Bagatha. H. --- But these two were porters, (C.) or guards, of the king, (Sept. Grot.) or of the treasury. Vatab. --- Some Gr. copies and the Chal.
insinuate that they were displeased at the advancement of Mardochai. The latter supposes that they meant also to poison Esther. C. --- It appears that they wished to make Aman king, (M.) and the detection was always resented by him.
C. xii. 6. C.
↑ 21أستير 2:22
Ver. 22. Notice of it, from Barnabaz, a Jew in the service of one of them.
Josephus, xi. 6. --- He might also hear some suspicious words. R. Calom. W.
↑ 22أستير 2:23
Ver. 23. King. Such histories were preserved with great care. 1 Esd. vi. 1. C. ---
Sept. "the king ordered a memorial to it to be kept in the royal library, for the praise of Mardochai's good will."
H. --- The latter also wrote an account. C. xii. 4.
↑ 23الترخيص: Notes by Fr. George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), from the Douay-Rheims Bible with Haydock's commentary (first ed. Thomas Haydock, Manchester/Dublin, 1811–1814; New York: Edward Dunigan & Brother, 1859); New Testament notes compiled with Fr. Benedict Rayment. Public domain. Digital text: "The Haydock Bible", Internet Archive (archive.org/details/TheHaydockBible), uploaded 2011 under the Public Domain Mark. · الشكر والتراخيص