صموئيل الثاني · AVD
صموئيل الثاني
14
نص الكتاب المقدسصوت اصطناعي (ذكاء اصطناعي)
وَعَلِمَ يُوآبُ ٱبْنُ صَرُويَةَ أَنَّ قَلْبَ ٱلْمَلِكِ عَلَى أَبْشَالُومَ، انظر أيضًا: صموئيل الثاني 13:39صموئيل الثاني 2:18صموئيل الثاني 19:4فَأَرْسَلَ يُوآبُ إِلَى تَقُوعَ وَأَخَذَ مِنْ هُنَاكَ ٱمْرَأَةً حَكِيمَةً وَقَالَ لَهَا: «تَظَاهَرِي بِٱلْحُزْنِ، وَٱلْبَسِي ثِيَابَ ٱلْحُزْنِ، وَلَا تَدَّهِنِي بِزَيْتٍ، بَلْ كُونِي كَٱمْرَأَةٍ لَهَا أَيَّامٌ كَثِيرَةٌ وَهِيَ تَنُوحُ عَلَى مَيْتٍ. انظر أيضًا: أخبار الأيام الثاني 11:6راعوث 3:3عاموس 1:1وَٱدْخُلِي إِلَى ٱلْمَلِكِ وَكَلِّمِيهِ بِهَذَا ٱلْكَلَامِ». وَجَعَلَ يُوآبُ ٱلْكَلَامَ فِي فَمِهَا. انظر أيضًا: صموئيل الثاني 14:19الخروج 4:15التثنية 18:18وَكَلَّمَتِ ٱلْمَرْأَةُ ٱلتَّقُوعِيَّةُ ٱلْمَلِكَ، وَخَرَّتْ عَلَى وَجْهِهَا إِلَى ٱلْأَرْضِ وَسَجَدَتْ وَقَالَتْ: «أَعِنْ أَيُّهَا ٱلْمَلِكُ». انظر أيضًا: الملوك الثاني 6:26-28صموئيل الأول 25:23صموئيل الثاني 1:2فَقَالَ لَهَا ٱلْمَلِكُ: «مَا بَالُكِ؟» فَقَالَتْ: «إِنِّي ٱمْرَأَةٌ أَرْمَلَةٌ. قَدْ مَاتَ رَجُلِي. انظر أيضًا: القضاة 9:8-15صموئيل الثاني 12:1-3وَلِجَارِيَتِكَ ٱبْنَانِ، فَتَخَاصَمَا فِي ٱلْحَقْلِ وَلَيْسَ مَنْ يَفْصِلُ بَيْنَهُمَا، فَضَرَبَ أَحَدُهُمَا ٱلْآخَرَ وَقَتَلَهُ. انظر أيضًا: الخروج 2:13التكوين 4:8التثنية 22:26-27وَهُوَذَا ٱلْعَشِيرَةُ كُلُّهَا قَدْ قَامَتْ عَلَى جَارِيَتِكَ وَقَالُوا: سَلِّمِي ضَارِبَ أَخِيهِ لِنَقْتُلَهُ بِنَفْسِ أَخِيهِ ٱلَّذِي قَتَلَهُ، فَنُهْلِكَ ٱلْوَارِثَ أَيْضًا. فَيُطْفِئُونَ جَمْرَتِي ٱلَّتِي بَقِيَتْ، وَلَا يَتْرُكُونَ لِرَجُلِي ٱسْمًا وَلَا بَقِيَّةً عَلَى وَجْهِ ٱلْأَرْضِ». انظر أيضًا: العدد 35:19متى 21:38صموئيل الثاني 12:17فَقَالَ ٱلْمَلِكُ لِلْمَرْأَةِ: «ٱذْهَبِي إِلَى بَيْتِكِ وَأَنَا أُوصِي فِيكِ». انظر أيضًا: الأمثال 18:13أيوب 29:16إشعياء 11:3-4فَقَالَتِ ٱلْمَرْأَةُ ٱلتَّقُوعِيَّةُ لِلْمَلِكِ: «عَلَيَّ ٱلْإِثْمُ يَا سَيِّدِي ٱلْمَلِكَ وَعَلَى بَيْتِ أَبِي، وَٱلْمَلِكُ وَكُرْسِيُّهُ نَقِيَّانِ». انظر أيضًا: صموئيل الأول 25:24الملوك الأول 2:33متى 27:25فَقَالَ ٱلْمَلِكُ: «إِذَا كَلَّمَكِ أَحَدٌ فَأْتِي بِهِ إِلَيَّ فَلَا يَعُودَ يَمَسُّكِ بَعْدُ». فَقَالَتِ: «ٱذْكُرْ أَيُّهَا ٱلْمَلِكُ ٱلرَّبَّ إِلَهَكَ حَتَّى لَا يُكَثِّرَ وَلِيُّ ٱلدَّمِ ٱلْقَتْلَ، لِئَلَّا يُهْلِكُوا ٱبْنِي». فَقَالَ: «حَيٌّ هُوَ ٱلرَّبُّ، إِنَّهُ لَا تَسْقُطُ شَعْرَةٌ مِنْ شَعْرِ ٱبْنِكِ إِلَى ٱلْأَرْضِ». انظر أيضًا: صموئيل الأول 14:45متى 10:30العدد 35:19فَقَالَتِ ٱلْمَرْأَةُ: «لِتَتَكَلَّمْ جَارِيَتُكَ كَلِمَةً إِلَى سَيِّدِي ٱلْمَلِكِ». فَقَالَ: «تَكَلَّمِي» انظر أيضًا: التكوين 44:18إرميا 12:1صموئيل الأول 25:24فَقَالَتِ ٱلْمَرْأَةُ: «وَلِمَاذَا ٱفْتَكَرْتَ بِمِثْلِ هَذَا ٱلْأَمْرِ عَلَى شَعْبِ ٱللهِ؟ وَيَتَكَلَّمُ ٱلْمَلِكُ بِهَذَا ٱلْكَلَامِ كَمُذْنِبٍ بِمَا أَنَّ ٱلْمَلِكَ لَا يَرُدُّ مَنْفِيَّهُ. انظر أيضًا: صموئيل الثاني 13:37-38صموئيل الثاني 12:7القضاة 20:2لِأَنَّهُ لَا بُدَّ أَنْ نَمُوتَ وَنَكُونَ كَٱلْمَاءِ ٱلْمُهْرَاقِ عَلَى ٱلْأَرْضِ ٱلَّذِي لَا يُجْمَعُ أَيْضًا. وَلَا يَنْزِعُ ٱللهُ نَفْسًا بَلْ يُفَكِّرُ أَفْكَارًا حَتَّى لَا يُطْرَدَ عَنْهُ مَنْفِيُّهُ. انظر أيضًا: أيوب 30:23العدد 35:28العبرانيين 9:27وَٱلْآنَ حَيْثُ إِنِّي جِئْتُ لِأُكَلِّمَ ٱلْمَلِكَ سَيِّدِي بِهَذَا ٱلْأَمْرِ، لِأَنَّ ٱلشَّعْبَ أَخَافَنِي، فَقَالَتْ جَارِيَتُكَ: أُكَلِّمُ ٱلْمَلِكَ لَعَلَّ ٱلْمَلِكَ يَفْعَلُ كَقَوْلِ أَمَتِهِ. لِأَنَّ ٱلْمَلِكَ يَسْمَعُ لِيُنْقِذَ أَمَتَهُ مِنْ يَدِ ٱلرَّجُلِ ٱلَّذِي يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُهْلِكَنِي أَنَا وَٱبْنِي مَعًا مِنْ نَصِيبِ ٱللهِ. انظر أيضًا: صموئيل الأول 26:19فَقَالَتْ جَارِيَتُكَ: لِيَكُنْ كَلَامُ سَيِّدِي ٱلْمَلِكِ عَزَاءً، لِأَنَّهُ سَيِّدِي ٱلْمَلِكُ إِنَّمَا هُوَ كَمَلَاكِ ٱللهِ لِفَهْمِ ٱلْخَيْرِ وَٱلشَّرِّ، وَٱلرَّبُّ إِلَهُكَ يَكُونُ مَعَكَ». انظر أيضًا: صموئيل الأول 29:9صموئيل الثاني 19:27صموئيل الثاني 14:20فَأَجَابَ ٱلْمَلِكُ وَقَالَ لِلْمَرْأَةِ: «لَا تَكْتُمِي عَنِّي أَمْرًا أَسْأَلُكِ عَنْهُ». فَقَالَتِ ٱلْمَرْأَةُ: «لِيَتَكَلَّمْ سَيِّدِي ٱلْمَلِكُ». انظر أيضًا: صموئيل الأول 3:17-18إرميا 38:25إرميا 38:14فَقَالَ ٱلْمَلِكُ: «هَلْ يَدُ يُوآبَ مَعَكِ فِي هَذَا كُلِّهِ؟» فَأَجَابَتِ ٱلْمَرْأَةُ وَقَالَتْ: «حَيَّةٌ هِيَ نَفْسُكَ يَا سَيِّدِي ٱلْمَلِكَ، لَا يُحَادُ يَمِينًا أَوْ يَسَارًا عَنْ كُلِّ مَا تَكَلَّمَ بِهِ سَيِّدِي ٱلْمَلِكُ، لِأَنَّ عَبْدَكَ يُوآبَ هُوَ أَوْصَانِي، وَهُوَ وَضَعَ فِي فَمِ جَارِيَتِكَ كُلَّ هَذَا ٱلْكَلَامِ. انظر أيضًا: صموئيل الثاني 14:3صموئيل الأول 1:26الملوك الأول 2:5-6لِأَجْلِ تَحْوِيلِ وَجْهِ ٱلْكَلَامِ فَعَلَ عَبْدُكَ يُوآبُ هَذَا ٱلْأَمْرَ، وَسَيِّدِي حَكِيمٌ كَحِكْمَةِ مَلَاكِ ٱللهِ لِيَعْلَمَ كُلَّ مَا فِي ٱلْأَرْضِ». انظر أيضًا: صموئيل الثاني 14:17صموئيل الثاني 19:27كورنثوس الأولى 8:1-2فَقَالَ ٱلْمَلِكُ لِيُوآبَ: «هَأَنَذَا قَدْ فَعَلْتُ هَذَا ٱلْأَمْرَ، فَٱذْهَبْ رُدَّ ٱلْفَتَى أَبْشَالُومَ». انظر أيضًا: صموئيل الثاني 14:11صموئيل الأول 14:39مرقس 6:26فَسَقَطَ يُوآبُ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ إِلَى ٱلْأَرْضِ وَسَجَدَ وَبَارَكَ ٱلْمَلِكَ، وَقَالَ يُوآبُ: «ٱلْيَوْمَ عَلِمَ عَبْدُكَ أَنِّي قَدْ وَجَدْتُ نِعْمَةً فِي عَيْنَيْكَ يَا سَيِّدِي ٱلْمَلِكَ، إِذْ فَعَلَ ٱلْمَلِكُ قَوْلَ عَبْدِهِ». انظر أيضًا: صموئيل الثاني 19:39نحميا 11:2التكوين 6:8ثُمَّ قَامَ يُوآبُ وَذَهَبَ إِلَى جَشُورَ وَأَتَى بِأَبْشَالُومَ إِلَى أُورُشَلِيمَ. انظر أيضًا: صموئيل الثاني 3:3صموئيل الثاني 13:37-38فَقَالَ ٱلْمَلِكُ: «لِيَنْصَرِفْ إِلَى بَيْتِهِ وَلَا يَرَ وَجْهِي». فَٱنْصَرَفَ أَبْشَالُومُ إِلَى بَيْتِهِ وَلَمْ يَرَ وَجْهَ ٱلْمَلِكِ. انظر أيضًا: الرؤيا 22:4صموئيل الثاني 3:13التكوين 43:3وَلَمْ يَكُنْ فِي كُلِّ إِسْرَائِيلَ رَجُلٌ جَمِيلٌ وَمَمْدُوحٌ جِدًّا كَأَبْشَالُومَ، مِنْ بَاطِنِ قَدَمِهِ حَتَّى هَامَتِهِ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهِ عَيْبٌ. انظر أيضًا: إشعياء 1:6التثنية 28:35أيوب 2:7وَعِنْدَ حَلْقِهِ رَأْسَهُ، إِذْ كَانَ يَحْلِقُهُ فِي آخِرِ كُلِّ سَنَةٍ، لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ يَثْقُلُ عَلَيْهِ فَيَحْلِقُهُ، كَانَ يَزِنُ شَعْرُ رَأْسِهِ مِئَتَيْ شَاقِلٍ بِوَزْنِ ٱلْمَلِكِ. انظر أيضًا: حزقيال 44:20كورنثوس الأولى 11:14صموئيل الثاني 18:9وَوُلِدَ لِأَبْشَالُومَ ثَلَاثَةُ بَنِينَ وَبِنْتٌ وَاحِدَةٌ ٱسْمُهَا ثَامَارُ، وَكَانَتِ ٱمْرَأَةً جَمِيلَةَ ٱلْمَنْظَرِ. انظر أيضًا: صموئيل الثاني 18:18صموئيل الثاني 13:1إرميا 22:30وَأَقَامَ أَبْشَالُومُ فِي أُورُشَلِيمَ سَنَتَيْنِ وَلَمْ يَرَ وَجْهَ ٱلْمَلِكِ. فَأَرْسَلَ أَبْشَالُومُ إِلَى يُوآبَ لِيُرْسِلَهُ إِلَى ٱلْمَلِكِ، فَلَمْ يَشَأْ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ إِلَيْهِ. ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَ أَيْضًا ثَانِيَةً، فَلَمْ يَشَأْ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ. انظر أيضًا: أستير 1:12صموئيل الثاني 14:30-31متى 22:3فَقَالَ لِعَبِيدِهِ: «ٱنْظُرُوا. حَقْلَةَ يُوآبَ بِجَانِبِي، وَلَهُ هُنَاكَ شَعِيرٌ. ٱذْهَبُوا وَأَحْرِقُوهُ بِٱلنَّارِ». فَأَحْرَقَ عَبِيدُ أَبْشَالُومَ ٱلْحَقْلَةَ بِٱلنَّارِ. انظر أيضًا: القضاة 15:4-5الملوك الأول 21:9-14الملوك الثاني 10:6-7فَقَامَ يُوآبُ وَجَاءَ إِلَى أَبْشَالُومَ إِلَى ٱلْبَيْتِ وَقَالَ لَهُ: «لِمَاذَا أَحْرَقَ عَبِيدُكَ حَقْلَتِي بِٱلنَّارِ؟» فَقَالَ أَبْشَالُومُ لِيُوآبَ: «هَأَنَذَا قَدْ أَرْسَلْتُ إِلَيْكَ قَائِلًا: تَعَالَ إِلَى هُنَا فَأُرْسِلَكَ إِلَى ٱلْمَلِكِ تَقُولُ: لِمَاذَا جِئْتُ مِنْ جَشُورَ؟ خَيْرٌ لِي لَوْ كُنْتُ بَاقِيًا هُنَاكَ. فَٱلْآنَ إِنِّي أَرَى وَجْهَ ٱلْمَلِكِ، وَإِنْ وُجِدَ فِيَّ إِثْمٌ فَلْيَقْتُلْنِي». انظر أيضًا: صموئيل الأول 20:8الأمثال 28:13الخروج 14:12فَجَاءَ يُوآبُ إِلَى ٱلْمَلِكِ وَأَخْبَرَهُ. وَدَعَا أَبْشَالُومَ، فَأَتَى إِلَى ٱلْمَلِكِ وَسَجَدَ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ إِلَى ٱلْأَرْضِ قُدَّامَ ٱلْمَلِكِ، فَقَبَّلَ ٱلْمَلِكُ أَبْشَالُومَ. انظر أيضًا: لوقا 15:20التكوين 33:4التكوين 45:15
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ملاحظات · هايدوك (1859، ملك عام)19 ملاحظة
الملاحظات بالإنجليزية تفسير كاثوليكي من القرن التاسع عشر للأب جورج ليو هايدوك، كما نُشر.
تحتفظ هذه الحواشي بجدالات عصرها: بعضها يتحدث بقسوة عن الشعب اليهودي أو عن مسيحيين آخرين. والكنيسة تعلّم اليوم غير ذلك: لا يجوز تحميل الشعب اليهودي مسؤولية موت المسيح (في عصرنا 4؛ التعليم المسيحي 597–598)، والمسيحيون في الجماعات الأخرى إخوتنا وأخواتنا في الرب (إعادة الوحدة 3). وحدة المسيحيين
صموئيل الثاني 14:2
Ver. 2. Thecua, twelve miles south of Jerusalem. S. Jer. --- Joab causes this unknown woman to come from the country to conceal his design, (C.) hoping that Absalom would be his father's successor. M.
↑ 2صموئيل الثاني 14:4
Ver. 4. Save me. So the Jews frequently repeated Hosanna; and David addressed God, save us. 1
Par. xvi. 35. T.
↑ 4صموئيل الثاني 14:5
Ver. 5. Dead. Some conclude from v. 16, that this is a true history; but it appears rather, that it was only a parable, (v. 19. C.) invented by Joab. M.
↑ 5صموئيل الثاني 14:7
Ver. 7. Heir. She expresses their sentiments more than their words. C. --- Some of the relations might desire to obtain the inheritance. M. --- See Num. xxxv. 18.
--- Spark. Posterity is often denoted by a lamp. C. xxi. 17. Heb. and Sept. "my coal," reserved to enkindle my fire, (C.) or to perpetuate our name in Israel, (H.) or that of his father, to whose title the son succeeded. The mother could claim no inheritance. M.
↑ 7صموئيل الثاني 14:9
Ver. 9. Guiltless, if the murderer be not brought to execution. I am willing to bear all the blame and punishment. C. --- Abigail and Rebecca speak in the same manner. 1 K. xxv. 24. Gen. xxvii.
13. T. --- Though kings may not pardon as they please, yet in this instance David might protect the widow's son, as there was no witness to prove that he had committed the murder. M. --- The woman was not satisfied with the former promise. She wished to extort something more decisive.
She intimates that the danger is pressing, and if any misfortune should arrive, she cannot impute it to the king, (C.) which gives him occasion to encourage her the more. H.
↑ 9صموئيل الثاني 14:11
Ver. 11. Multiplied, or overwhelm me with their numbers. C.
↑ 11صموئيل الثاني 14:13
Ver. 13. Exile, the banished Absalom, (H.) who, in similar circumstances, has only committed a crime like that which the king is willing to pardon at the entreaty of a poor widow; though all the people of God seem interested for the welfare of Absalom, whom they look upon as the heir apparent. This was the drift of the whole parable. C. --- To sin, may be referred to Absalom, who might be driven by despair to worship idols. M.
↑ 13صموئيل الثاني 14:14
Ver. 14. Earth; so great was the distress of the people at the absence of their darling prince. H.
--- His death would not bring Amnon to life again. We must not cherish sentiments of eternal enmity. --- Perish. Chal. "a just judge cannot take the money of iniquity." Le Clerc, "And cannot the prince (or judge) pardon a man, and devise means to leave his son no longer in exile?" C. ---
Prot. "neither doth God respect any person; yet doth he devise means, that his banished son be not expelled from him." Let the king imitate this example. H.
↑ 14صموئيل الثاني 14:15
Ver. 15. Before the people. Heb. also, "through fear, or respect for the people,"
who generally wished that Absalom might return. H. --- Joab was present, (v.
21) and no doubt many others; who, if requisite, might join their prayers with hers. C.
↑ 15صموئيل الثاني 14:16
Ver. 16. Me. She identifies her cause with that of her son, as if she could not survive his death; or, at least, could not retain the inheritance, if he should perish. H.
↑ 16صموئيل الثاني 14:17
Ver. 17. Sacrifice; perfect and inviolable. T. --- Cursing, provided he be in the right. M. --- Heb.
"the king to discern (hear) good and bad;" of consummate wisdom; (v. 20. H.) so that no one can impose upon him.
↑ 17صموئيل الثاني 14:19
Ver. 19. Right, but he hath ordered me to say all these things. Joab had given her leave to make this declaration, as he perceived that the king's heart was already inclined towards Absalom, v. 1.
M.
↑ 19صموئيل الثاني 14:21
Ver. 21. Boy. This expression might tend to excuse what he had done amiss; as it shewed also the tenderness of David for Absalom. M.
↑ 21صموئيل الثاني 14:22
Ver. 22. Blessed. That is, praised, and gave thanks to the king.
↑ 22صموئيل الثاني 14:24
Ver. 24. Face, though he lived in Jerusalem. C. --- This was done, in order that he might enter seriously into himself, and avoid similar excesses. M. --- He felt this privation more than exile.
H.
↑ 24صموئيل الثاني 14:26
Ver. 26. A year. Heb. and Sept. "from the end of the days to days." --- Chal. "as it was convenient." But the Vulg. seems the best, (C.) and is followed by the Prot. version. H. ---
Sicles, including all his hair. The Hebrews wore their hair very long. It does not commonly grow above four inches in a year; so that the hair which was cut off could not weigh 200 sicles. C. ---
Weight. Heb. "after the king's stone," Beeben; but one MS. has Boshkol, with the Sept. "after the king's sicle (Ken.) weight," at Babylon, as Pelletier supposes that this work was written towards the end of the captivity. He allows that Absalom's hair might weigh almost 31 ounces. Some women wear above 32 ounces, if we may believe the hair-dressers. Some suppose that r (200) has been substituted instead of d (4) or c, (20) &c. But all are not convinced that the Hebrew formerly marked the numbers by letters. Sept. have, "100 sicles,"
(C.) which some attempt to reconcile with the common reading, by saying, that they speak of the sicles of the sanctuary, which were double the weight of the king's sicles. Yet the Alex. and Vat. copies agree with the Vulgate: (H.) and of this distinction of weights there is no proof. The Rabbins assert that the value, and not the weight, of Absalom's hair is given; (C.) and that he made a present of his hair to some of his friends, who sold it to the ladies of Jerusalem, to adorn their heads. Sanctius. ---
Tirin adopts this sentiment, and ridicules those who say that the weight is meant; as he says, 200
sicles would be equivalent to 8¾ Roman pounds, which comes near to Arbuthnot's calculation in English. H. --- Bochart reduces the weight to four such pounds, each consisting of twelve ounces; and he supposes that the hair was so heavy, on account of the gold dust with which it was covered, according to the fashion of those times. Joseph. viii. 1. --- But this weight would be only accidental. C. --- Josephus (vii. 8.) intimates, that Absalom's hair was "cut every eight days," or "for the space of eight days." It is quite incredible that it should weigh 200 sicles, or five minæ of Alexandria, each consisting of twelve ounces. The Latin interpreter reads, "every eight months."
C. --- S. Epiphanius and Hero have 125 sicles, or about 31 ounces. H. --- The Babylonian sicle, here mentioned, was only the third part of that used by the Hebrews. D.
↑ 26صموئيل الثاني 14:27
Ver. 27. Sons, who all died before their father. C. xviii. 18. --- Thamar, in memory of his sister; (Abul.) or this Thamar received the name from her aunt, who resided with Absalom. M. --- Some Greek and Latin copies add, that she was married to Roboam, the son of Solomon, by whom he had Abias. But this addition is of no authority, and can hardly be reconciled with chronology. We read that Roboam espoused Maaca, the daughter of Absalom; (2 Par. xi. 20.) but she might be only his grand-daughter, by Thamar. C. --- Josephus had adopted this addition. H.
↑ 27صموئيل الثاني 14:29
Ver. 29. To him. Joab, like a crafty courtier, would neither disoblige the king nor the prince, and therefore wished not to meddle in this affair; as he might either excite the suspicions of the own, or the resentment of the other. C.
↑ 29صموئيل الثاني 14:33
Ver. 33. Kissed Absalom, and thus was reconciled to his prodigal son. Luke xv.
20. The ungrateful wretch only took occasion, from his father's goodness, to alienate the minds of the people from him, by insinuating that he neglected the welfare of the people. H.
↑ 33الترخيص: Notes by Fr. George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), from the Douay-Rheims Bible with Haydock's commentary (first ed. Thomas Haydock, Manchester/Dublin, 1811–1814; New York: Edward Dunigan & Brother, 1859); New Testament notes compiled with Fr. Benedict Rayment. Public domain. Digital text: "The Haydock Bible", Internet Archive (archive.org/details/TheHaydockBible), uploaded 2011 under the Public Domain Mark. · الشكر والتراخيص